Common problems and solutions of stepper motors -Part 1
Q: How to control the direction of stepper motor?
Answer:
- The direction level signal of the control system can be changed.
- You can adjust the wiring of the motor to change the direction. The specific method is as follows:
- For two-phase motors, you only need to switch the motor wires of one phase to the driver, such as A+ and A-.
- For three-phase motors, swap the motor wires of two adjacent phases, such as three phases A, B, and C. Just swap the two phases A and B.
Q: Why does the stepper motor vibrate a lot and make a lot of noise?
Answer:
- This situation occurs because the stepper motor works in the oscillation zone. The solution is:
- Change the input signal frequency CP to avoid the oscillation area.
- Use a subdivision driver to reduce the step angle and make the operation smoother.
Q: Why does the stepper motor not run after it is powered on?
Answer:
- There are several reasons why the motor will not rotate:
- Overload stall (the motor makes a whistling sound at this time).
- Whether the motor is offline.
- Whether the control system has pulse signals to the stepper motor driver and whether there is any problem with the wiring.
Q: The stepper motor shakes and cannot run continuously. What should I do?
Answer:
When encountering this situation, first check whether the motor winding and driver are connected correctly, check whether the frequency of the input pulse signal is too high, and whether the frequency increase and decrease design is unreasonable.
Q: Under what circumstances is the offline signal FREE of the hybrid stepper motor driver generally used?
Answer:
When the offline signal FREE is low, the current output from the driver to the motor is cut off, and the motor rotor is in a free state (offline state). In some automation equipment, if it is required to directly rotate the motor shaft (manual mode) when the driver is not powered on, the FREE signal can be set low to take the motor offline for manual operation or adjustment. After manual completion, set the FREE signal high to continue automatic control.
Q: How to choose the power supply for stepper motor driver?
Answer:
Determine the power supply voltage of the driver, and then determine the operating current; the power supply current is generally determined based on the output phase current I of the driver. If a linear power supply is used, the power supply current can generally be 1.1 to 1.3 times of I; if a switching power supply is used, the power supply current can generally be 1.5 to 2.0 times of I.
Q: How to choose the power supply voltage of stepper motor driver?
Answer:
The power supply voltage is usually selected based on the operating speed and response requirements of the motor. If the motor has a high operating speed or a fast response requirement, the voltage value will also be high. However, please note that the ripple of the power supply voltage cannot exceed the maximum input voltage of the driver, otherwise, the driver may be damaged. If you choose a lower voltage, it will help the stepper motor run smoothly and have less vibration.
Q: Does the subdivision number of the subdivision driver represent the accuracy?
Answer:
Subdivision is also called micro-stepping. The main purpose of subdivision is to weaken or eliminate the low-frequency vibration of the stepper motor. Improving the operating accuracy of the motor is only an incidental function of subdivision technology. For example, for a two-phase hybrid stepper motor with a step angle of 1.8°, if the subdivision number of the subdivision driver is set to4, then the motor's operation resolution is 0.45° per pulse. Whether the motor's accuracy can reach or be close to 0.45° also depends on other factors such as the subdivision current control accuracy of the subdivision driver. The accuracy of subdivision drives from different manufacturers may vary greatly; the larger the number of subdivisions, the more difficult it is to control the accuracy.
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